Fire Hydrants
Protect Your Community with Reliable Fire Hydrants
A fire hydrant is a critical component of a community’s fire protection infrastructure, providing firefighters with a reliable source of water during emergencies. These sturdy, easily recognizable fixtures are strategically located throughout urban and rural areas to ensure quick access to water for firefighting efforts.
Fire hydrants are connected to the municipal water supply and are designed to deliver high-pressure water directly to firefighting hoses and equipment. When a fire breaks out, firefighters can quickly attach hoses to the hydrant, open the valve, and begin directing water towards the fire, helping to control and extinguish it before it can spread further.
Fire Hydrant Features
NFPA 291 Fire Hydrant Inspection & Testing Frequency
NFPA 291, the Standard for the Recommended Practice for Water Flow Testing and Marking of Hydrants, outlines specific guidelines for how often various components of these systems should be inspected and tested to ensure they are in proper working condition. Below is a breakdown of the recommended inspection and testing frequencies for key components:
| Task/Component | Frequency | Notes |
| Visual Inspection | Annually | Check: Exterior condition, caps, and outlets. Ensure no obstructions and that hydrant is clearly visible and accessible. |
| Operational Inspection | Annually | Check: Ensure the hydrant operates correctly. Open the hydrant fully to verify that water flows freely and check for any leaks or valve issues. |
| Hydrant Flushing | Annually | Procedure: Fully open the hydrant to flush out any debris or sediment from the hydrant and surrounding pipes. Ensure water flows clear. |
| Flow Testing | Every 5 Years | Test: Measure the actual flow and pressure of the hydrant to ensure it meets required specifications for fire fighting. |
| Lubrication of Operating Stem | Annually | Procedure: Lubricate the stem to ensure smooth operation. This can be part of the operational inspection. |
| Check for Drainage | Annually | Check: Ensure that the hydrant drains properly after operation to prevent freezing and internal damage. |
| Inspect and Test Hydrant Caps | Annually | Check: Remove and inspect the caps for damage or wear. Ensure threads are in good condition and caps can be removed easily. |
| Inspect for Proper Color Coding | Annually | Check: Verify that the hydrant is color-coded according to its flow capacity as per NFPA 291. Repaint as necessary. |
| Pressure Testing | Every 5 Years | Test: Confirm that the hydrant maintains appropriate pressure levels during use. Often done during flow testing. |
| Winterization (Cold Climates) | Annually (Before Winter) | Procedure: Ensure that the hydrant is properly drained and lubricated to prevent freezing. Inspect for any insulation or protection needed. |
Additional Notes:
- Immediate Repairs: If any deficiencies are identified during inspections or tests, they must be addressed immediately to ensure the hydrant’s readiness in an emergency.
- Record Keeping: Maintain detailed records of all inspections, tests, maintenance, and repairs, including dates, personnel involved, and findings.
- Fire Department Coordination: Coordinate with the local fire department during flow testing to ensure proper procedures are followed and to verify the results.
This chart provides a general overview based on NFPA 291. Specific requirements may vary depending on local regulations, manufacturer recommendations, and the design of the fire protection system. Always refer to the latest edition of NFPA 291 for the most accurate and detailed information.
